Skew angle is a difficult concept to grasp, but the effect can be profound.
Low-profile antennas installed on the top of an airplane fuselage introduce special challenges.
Second generation antennas just entering the market sit flat, creating a change in gain and beamwidth as a function of the relative elevation of the target satellite.
Skew angle rotates the beam-pattern as shown above for various antenna types, at both zero and 90 degree skew.
